{"id":8891,"date":"2018-03-02T16:26:30","date_gmt":"2018-03-02T21:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/?p=8891"},"modified":"2019-07-28T10:34:20","modified_gmt":"2019-07-28T14:34:20","slug":"declaration-obtenue-lechange-dune-contrepartie-etre-exclue-meme-cette-contrepartie-nest-offerte-quimplicitement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/declaration-obtenue-lechange-dune-contrepartie-etre-exclue-meme-cette-contrepartie-nest-offerte-quimplicitement\/","title":{"rendered":"Une d\u00e9claration obtenue en l\u2019\u00e9change d\u2019une contrepartie doit \u00eatre exclue, m\u00eame si cette contrepartie n\u2019est offerte qu\u2019implicitement : R. v. Wabason, 2018 ONCA 187"},"content":{"rendered":"

R. v. Wabason, 2018 ONCA 187<\/a><\/p>\n

La Cour d\u2019appel de l\u2019Ontario rappelle qu\u2019il est ill\u00e9gal pour des policiers d\u2019offrir une contrepartie afin d\u2019obtenir une d\u00e9claration d\u2019un suspect. Toutefois, la d\u00e9fense n\u2019a pas \u00e0 d\u00e9montrer que les policiers ont explicitement offert cette contrepartie. En effet, le juge du proc\u00e8s doit analyser toutes les circonstances et exclure une d\u00e9claration si les policiers ont implicitement offert une contrepartie\u00a0:<\/h2>\n

[17]\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In\u00a0Oickle<\/em>, at paras. 53-54, Iacobucci J. held that phrases like \u201cit would be better if you told the truth\u201d do not automatically require exclusion, but rather require exclusion only where, in the entire context of the confession, the circumstances reveal an implicit threat or promise. Here, the comments made by the officer were far more coercive than words to the effect of \u201cit would be better\u201d to talk. In the entire context of the appellant\u2019s interrogation and statement, the officer\u2019s comments went beyond spiritual exhortations, or appeals to conscience and morality. They amounted to both threats and promises.<\/p>\n

[18]\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The application judge erred in discounting the inducements and threats on the basis that no police or court action was promised in return. Properly conceived, the interviewing officer\u2019s veiled inducements of decreased jeopardy for speaking and threats of increased jeopardy for silence gave rise to an implicit\u00a0quid pro quo<\/em>.<\/p>\n

[19]\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Given this\u00a0quid pro quo<\/em>,\u00a0<\/em>the application judge should have gone on to assess whether, in all the circumstances, the inducements and threats \u201cstanding alone or in combination with other factors, are strong enough to raise a reasonable doubt about whether the will of the subject has been overborne\u201d:\u00a0Oickle<\/em>,\u00a0at para. 57.<\/p>\n

[20]\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In so doing, the application judge was required to consider the characteristics of the individual suspect:\u00a0Oickle<\/em>, at para. 42. Yet, the application judge did not consider the effect of the threats and inducements upon a 19-year-old aboriginal youth who had attempted to assert his right to silence on at least 6 occasions during the interview, and who asked several times to return to his cell.<\/p>\n

[21]\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0In light of the application judge\u2019s errors, it falls to this court to assess whether the appellant\u2019s statement was voluntarily made despite the inducements and threats. I am not persuaded beyond a reasonable doubt that the statement was voluntarily made, taking into account the appellant\u2019s age, his personal circumstances, his futile assertions of the right to silence, his requests to return to his cell, and the impact upon him of the officer\u2019s repeated statements that, unless the appellant spoke up, he was going to take the fall for a first degree murder he had not committed.<\/p>\n

[22]\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Having reached this conclusion, it is unnecessary for me to consider the other alleged errors identified by the appellant.<\/p>\n

[23]\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0I would allow the appeal, set aside the convictions and order a new trial.<\/p>\n

* Voir aussi ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R. v. Wabason, 2018 ONCA 187 La Cour d\u2019appel de l\u2019Ontario rappelle qu\u2019il est ill\u00e9gal pour des policiers d\u2019offrir une contrepartie afin d\u2019obtenir une d\u00e9claration d\u2019un suspect. Toutefois, la d\u00e9fense n\u2019a pas \u00e0 d\u00e9montrer que les policiers ont explicitement offert cette contrepartie. En effet, le juge du proc\u00e8s doit analyser toutes les circonstances et exclure […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[120],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8891"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8891"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8891\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8891"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8891"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8891"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.doyonavocats.ca\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=8891"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}